Saturday, May 23, 2020

Attachment Styles and Relationships - 1171 Words

Attachment Styles and Relationships Jennifer Oliver PSY/220 Adam Miller Part One When you have two individuals and they share an emotional attachment, we call this an attachment style. According to Bolt (2004), there are three main elements. Care, commitment and closeness. I like to remember them easily by calling them the 3 C’s. Attachment styles start at birth. It is important to realize that although nature and nurture are both important elements that help develop our attachment style they are not the only factors. Our parents, close relatives, even siblings can help us develop our individual attachment style. The first attachment style is closeness, from the time we are infants, we experience either the closeness†¦show more content†¦Those that experience the other end of the spectrum, the avoidant attachments will be more likely to be in relationships of a casual nature, have no regard for personal relationships, may lie and cheat, not giving the relationship any value or merit at all. This type of behavior usually occurs in those tha t were not given care, commitment, or closeness from their caregivers. They can sometimes be aggressive, jealous, needy, and have an intense fear of rejection. They don’t feel that they can have a trusting or healthy relationship so it’s as if they try to sabotage it from the very beginning. They fear their partners may reject them so they tend to become the aggressors. Again, this behavior is characterized by the lack of attention given in theory formative years. With a better understanding of how our style initially developed, we can better learn how to modify it. An example would be a child who was initially in a household where the attachment was cold and rejecting, where the parent did not put the child first and acted like they wished the child had never been born. At some point due to divorce the child now ends up in a warm and responsive, supportive household where she is paid attention to and doted on. Her first years, although not the best , would certainly h ave a negative effect at first since this is all the child would have known but then going into another loving,Show MoreRelatedThe Attachment Styles And Relationship805 Words   |  4 PagesAfter taking the Attachment Styles and Relationship, the result shows that I am in the secure adult quadrant. I am strongly agree with the result since I was really honest when I was answering the questions. On the scale ranging from one to seven on anxiety, my score was one point eighty-three, and on the scale ranging from one to seven on avoidance, my score was two point twenty-two, which is pretty low. I think the attachment that I have today is linked to the way how I was raise, and whose I grewRead MoreAttachment Style As A Predictor For Romantic Adult Relationships Or Attachment Styles1297 Words   |  6 Pagesthe life span, attachment style is consistent; the theory of attachment, created by John Bowlby, describes attachment as â€Å"the lasting psychological connectedness between huma n beings† (McLeod). Attachment style forms during childhood through early school years and accommodates for experience and the environment we immerse in (Feeney Noller, 281). Through careful study, the three different attachment styles serve as a predictor for romantic adult relationships or attachment styles. The three differentRead MoreThe Influence of Parenting Styles and Attachment Styles on Relationship Designs986 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopmental psychologists will agree that the attachment styles and parenting styles a child receives is the design for the rest of their relationships. The relationship an infant or child has with the primary caregiver is the most important because their adult behaviors are directly influenced from these experiences. This is the basic theory of attachment styles that states that the earliest bonds a child forms correlates to the kinds of relationships people form as adults. Families are the firstRead MoreAttachment Styles And Their Influence On Adult Relationships1860 Words   |  8 Pagesand developed a four-part attachment style for adults. These styles are related to how individuals see themselves, how they see others, and how they relate to the people who are special to them. The attachment styles are secure, anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant. Bowlby, an early psychologist studying attachment styles theorized that the attachment relationship that a child has with his/her primary caregiver will determine the attachment style the child develops (BowlbyRead MoreAttachment Styles And Its Effect On Adult Romantic Relationships1739 Words   |  7 PagesAttachment Styles and its Effect on Adult Romantic Relationships Attachment is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects a caregiver to their child. The relationship between the caregiver and the child plays a vital role in the child’s behavior, mind, and emotions at any time in their life, from child to adulthood. A child’s attachment style is developed through childhood experiences. Depending on the style of attachment influences how a person reacts to their needs and how they go aboutRead More2. Assignment: Attachment Style and Relationships Essay1364 Words   |  6 Pages2. Assignment: Attachment Style and Relationships Robert Sternberg created his triangular theory of love based on three dimensions: passion, intimacy, and commitment. The degree to which a relationship demonstrates these three dimensions determines the type of love relationship. People begin love relationships with those who care for them as children. These early relationships can have a great effect on their adult relationships. †¢ Write a 350- to 700-word response summarizing the three dimensionsRead MoreAttachment Styles And Their Influence On Our Future Relationships824 Words   |  4 Pagesappearing in a relationship, individuals tend to notice the innate habits, thoughts, and behaviors of their partners on a more intimate level. These innate patterns depict the individual’s attachment styles, or the â€Å"global orientations toward relationships† (14). These attachment styles – secure, preoccupied, fearful, and dismissing – surface during childhood, and preserve the propensity to affect our future relationships in society. According to the online quiz, I sustain a secure attachment style, meaningRead MoreAttachment Style: How It Affects Love Relationships1255 Words   |  6 PagesIndividual attachments styles can affect the type of love relationships later on in life because one learns behavioral traits as a young child. Robert Sternberg introduced us to his Love Tria ngle theory in 1988. He explained that the way a person was brought up as a child can affect the way they express themselves as adults. The question remains as to why does this affect one as an adult. If one is taught from right and wrong then why does one express themselves negatively towards others? AccordingRead MoreThe Effects of Attachment Style on Adult Romantic Relationships4807 Words   |  20 PagesThe Effects of Attachment Style on Adult Romantic Relationships â€Æ' Abstract Individual attachment style and its effects on adult romantic relationships were examined. The hypothesis of this literature review was that insecure attachment style would negatively affect the overall dynamic of adult romantic relationships while secure attachment would promote positive and healthy romantic relationships. Empirical studies looking at attachment style and relationship issues such as one’s views of selfRead MoreThe Effects Of Personal Attachment Style On Romantic Relationship Satisfaction1718 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects of Personal Attachment Style on Romantic Relationship Satisfaction Our earliest relationships in life can be deeply formative in shaping our development. Created by John Bowlby, attachment theory relates the importance of attachment in regards to personal development. According to Bowlby, attachment is the leading factor in our ability to form and maintain relationships as adults (Levy 2012, pg. 157). As human beings, we need to feel as if we belong (Cherry, 2016). We find this belongingness

Sunday, May 17, 2020

Governance Of Information Technology Security - 1437 Words

Governance of Information Technology Security A.Introduction: [1] Security is an essential human idea that has ended up more hard to characterize and authorize in Information Age. The significance of information security drove social orders to create inventive methods for securing their information. Internet, has made it conceivable to send tremendous amounts of information over the globe easily. Nonetheless, the test of controlling and ensuring that information has developed exponentially now that information can be effortlessly transmitted, put away, replicated, controlled, and pulverized. Inside a vast organization, information technology for the most part alludes to laptop and desktop PCs, servers that shape a network, despite the†¦show more content†¦Confidentiality is shielding access to sensible information from the individuals who don t have a legal need to utilize it.Integrity is guaranteeing that information is precise and dependable and can t be modified in unforeseen ways. The Information technology security is regularly the test of adjusting the requests of clients versus the requirement for data confidentiality integrity. B.Understanding Your Adversaries :[9] Who is breaking into networked systems is the most complex of assaults!!It just doesn’t make a difference regardless of who the attackers may be, they all need to be shielded against: Industrial Spies A few people have attempted to pay off or blackmail the data from its legitimate proprietors for instance, by offering to help an organization close its vulnerabilities in return for a substantial money payment. There have likewise been reports of assailants who have attempted to sell organization secrets to contenders of the organizations that they have entered. Ideologues and national agents There is a little yet developing populace of hacktivists who break in sites for ideological or political reasons. Regularly, the expectation of these individuals is to destroy website pages to create an impression or something to that affect, by defacement of law implementation agencies, annihilation of sites by ecological groups. In some cases, the incidents may be completed against national interests. In different cases, you see people in one purview

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Essay on The 3D Printer - 1566 Words

Project description The 3D printer is quickly beginning to revolutionise the way people can become their own engineer. 3D printing is a quick and convenient way to create prototypes and models, as well as building replacement parts and new creations out of ABS plastic. The UP Plus 2, made by 3D Printing Systems, is the new and improved version of the previous model, the UP Plus. Made in 2013, it was to be completely redesigned and be made faster, more accurate and easier to use for the consumer in comparison to the original. The 3D printer is an example of a combination of mechanical and electrical engineering, which are my disciplines of interest. I have used a 3D printer quite a lot, and I find that it is so useful for making little†¦show more content†¦Mechanical engineering can lead onto administration or maintenance work later on in a career. Electrical and electronics engineering Electrical engineering is quickly becoming an essential discipline for the manufacture of modern technology. Electrical engineers typically have been responsible for power supply and generation, whereas electronics engineers work on applying electricity to systems. Generally, these fields of engineering are fairly interchangeable. Electrical engineers help in manufacturing communication systems, handheld devices, such as mobile phones, and vehicles. They design, test and oversee the construction of electrical equipment. Safety and sustainability issues The Up Plus 2 3D printer is designed in such a way that it is more efficient in movement and power usage. The ABS plastic that is prints with could be reheated and melted in order to recycle it. As it prints a model, it creates its own support to hold parts of the model that would otherwise be suspended in the air. The amount of plastic used in supports is less than the original Up Plus. The model itself can also be printed out hollow or less dense than the outer layer to decrease the amount of plastic used. Parts of the printer itself can actually be printed out. The printer comes with files that have scaled 3D drawings ready to print, should a part need replacing. While printing, the board whereShow MoreRelated3d Printer Essay1156 Words   |  5 Pages3D Printer With Dad The day finally came, I walked over to my front door and excitement filled my face as I saw a big brown box sitting on my porch. I screamed, â€Å"Dad Guess what!† â€Å"What,† my Dad screamed, I screamed again, â€Å"The 3D printer came.† As I open the front door, the alarm system screams, â€Å"Front Door,† I run outside and grab the package and run back inside. At this moment I was literally going to scream just out of excitement because the printer finally came. I ran to the junk drawer tryingRead MoreProsthetic 3D Printers876 Words   |  3 PagesOne of the solutions that Pro-sthetic Printers developed is a glove functioning as a prosthetic hand with a rechargeable source located in a â€Å"watch† compartment. There will be a number pad on the top of the hand, used to control the motions of the fingers. Each joint will have a number assigned to it, as seen in Figures 1 and 2. The numbers can be pressed in specific sequences to trigger specific types of motion along the joints and grips. The grip can then be released by pressing a cancel buttonRead More3d Printer Essay702 Words   |  3 PagesThe Five Best 3D P rinters of 2017 For Beginners ¬ Unless you’ve been living under a rock for the past 5 years or so, then you’ve probably heard of 3D printing and the wonders it can create. The technological world has become tired of printing boring, two-dimensional documents. Thanks to its exhaustion of the two-dimensional, the wonderful world of technology has spewed out the concept of printing physical products based on digital models, with the help of its cruder, ‘80s predecessor, stereolithographyRead MoreAre 3d Printers Viable?1441 Words   |  6 PagesReed Chen G Biology Dr. Smith 4/23/16 Are 3D Printers Viable in Biotechnology? 3D printing has come a long way since 1983, when Chuck Hull invented the first STL 3D printer.1 Commercial 3D printers can now be found in many homes and business around the world. Anyone can now create a design, and see that design turn into a physical object in a few hours. Due to their low cost compared to commercial machines, they are rising in popularity. They have many applications, especially in prototyping andRead MoreMarketing Design Of A 3d Printer1127 Words   |  5 PagesINNOVATION 1 Brand Innovation Romain Debecq Regent’s College 3D Printing food BRAND INNOVATION 2 Brand innovation is the process of realizing a new or improved product. Innovation could be motivated by several factors e.g. consumer preference, need for improvements in the old products, need to incorporate new functionality in existing brand etc. This paper discusses innovative design of a 3D printer that can print food. Inspiring Innovators of 3D Printers Cockrell School of Engineering (2014) of the UniversityRead MoreThe Impact Of Consumer 3d Printer Ownership1090 Words   |  5 Pagesunemployment (Brynjolfsson McAfee 2014). In a recent article in THE ECONOMIST 3D printing has been described as a bridge to the future and the innovation that will change the world. It is expected that sales will grow to $3.7 billion in 2016 and by 2019 the industry will be worth $6 billion (Kietzmann, Pitt Berthon 2015). In this question I am going to focus on the economical impact of consumer 3D printer ownership. 3D printing allows the individual to print goods on demand or just in time. By theRead MoreFuture Availability of 3D Printers and Its Effects1977 Words   |  8 Pageshoushold has a 2D printer. This paper will talk about the 3D printer, and how it has saved lives, made lives easier, allowed people create amazing objects with the printer, made production faster and cheaper, and how the printer will revolutionize the world as we know it. The 3D printer goes back to 1976, around the time that the Inkjet printer was invinted. Charles Hull changed everything by making the first commercial 3D printer. He offered it for sale through his company 3D Sytems in 1986. TheRead MoreRecommendation Of A Micro 3d Printer Project1633 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Micro 3D printer project The Micro 3D printer is the most affordable, simple to use, fast and reliable 3D printer ever. It is an excellent technology. This document will give you an insight on: †¢ Overview of the Micro 3D printer †¢ Technical details of the Micro 3D printer †¢ The usage and market value of the printer Overview of the Micro 3D printer The M3D is an upcoming project which releases in early 2015. The project has 12,000 backers so far and is the largest 3D Kickstarter ever. 3D printingRead MoreDigital Curriculum Vs. 3d Printers977 Words   |  4 Pages Ipads. iPods. Chromebooks. Smartphones. Smartboards. Tablets. Laptops. 3D Printers. Technology. When asked about the importance of technology in education today, I realize that the question is extremely broad and evasive. And at the same time, I understand that the question is an important one. Technology is a set of tools for school staff, but it is only a set of tools. Some forms of technology can assist a great teacher to be even better, but will not necessarily help a bad teacher be goodRead MoreThe Impact of 3D Printers on the Field of Industrial Design1140 Words   |  5 PagesFYW: Future of Writing The Impact of 3D Printers on the Field of Industrial Design With the growth of computers comes an increase in viable manufacturing techniques. Programs such as Autocad, Solidworks, and Sketchup, allow the creation of complex models and aid in producing files which 3D printers operate with. Within the past several years the pricing models of computer aided design, or CAD, software as a whole has changed in a way which lets students to operate these programs non-commercially

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Stages and Treatments of Alzheimer’s Disease Essay

The Stages and Treatments of Alzheimer’s Disease Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disease with many different stages that slows one’s lifestyle and has no real cure. Alzheimer’s disease is named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer. The disease first appears around the age of sixty. Studies have concluded that as many as 5.1 million Americans have Alzheimer’s disease. A person with Alzheimer’s loses connections between neurons in the brain (1). Scientists do not know exactly what causes Alzheimer’s, but scientists say the disease develops a complex series of events that take place in the brain over a long period of time (3). Alzheimer’s is known to cause dementia with older people. Dementia is the loss of thinking, remembering, and reasoning.†¦show more content†¦The severe case is when plaques and tangles speed through your brain. During this time, the victim’s brain tissue shrinks, causing communication difficulties. When o ne reaches the final stage of Alzheimer’s, he or she becomes completely dependent on others for care. Eventually a person with Alzheimer’s remains bed bound most of the time and the body slowly shuts down (â€Å"Alzheimer’s Disease Fact Sheet† 3). Receiving an early diagnosis is better for the Alzheimer’s patient. An early diagnosis helps families plan for the future, make arrangements, care of financial matters, and develop support networks. Developing the disease early provides a greater opportunity to get involved with clinical trials. Diagnosing the disease early prolongs the time a patient can be managed at home (â€Å"A Treatment Overview of Alzheimer’s Disease†). Early diagnosis can help retain function in the victim for months to years (â€Å"Alzheimer’s Disease Fact Sheet† 4). With an early diagnosis, scientists can start finding the best treatment for the victim (â€Å"A Treatment Overview of Alzheimer’s Disease† 1). Doctors find the patients tolerance for medicines and therapies with an early diagnosis. Doctors also ask the patients opinions and preferences when the patients are first diagnosed. The only way Alzheimer’s can be diagnosed is after death. During an autopsy the pathologist links a clinical course with examination of brain tissue and pathology in an autopsy. Doctors have methods and tools toShow MoreRelatedAlzheimer s Research Paper : Alzheimer And Its Symptoms1703 Words   |  7 PagesMrs. Crow 18 November 2015 Alzheimer’s Research Paper There are three separate stages of Alzheimer’s, they are all so different and yet so similar. Many people have a false recollection of Alzheimer’s disease and its symptoms. Many believe that people only get Alzheimer’s as a result of aging. Alzheimer’s disease is not a disease that happens because the human body gets worn down, but because of a change occurring in the human brain. Alzheimer’s is a serious disease that needs to to be acknowledgedRead MoreAn Example Of A And A Neurocognitive Disorders And How They Affect Personality And Behavior Essay1470 Words   |  6 Pagesdisorders and how they affect personality and behavior. In this paper I will discuss an example of both a neurodevelopmental and a neurocognitive disorder. Within each of these disorders I will provide behavioral criteria, incidence rates, causes and treatments options for each of the disorders. The first disorder I am going to discuss is the neurodevelopmental disorder, Down Syndrome. Down Syndrome has always been fascinating to be as to its causes and its effects on people. Down Syndrome is congenitalRead MoreEssay on Informative Speech Alzheimer’s1316 Words   |  6 PagesSpecific Purpose: To inform my audience about Alzheimer’s disease. Central Idea: Alzheimers disease affects millions of Americans each year thus it is important to become familiar with the risk factors, symptoms and treatment options available for those living with the disease. Method of Organization: Topical. Alzheimer’s disease I. One year ago, my grandmother entered a state of rapid decline. A. She would get confused while out for a walk and forget how to get home. BRead MoreAlzheimers Disease in the Elderly Essay examples1604 Words   |  7 Pages Alzheimer is a disease that affects the elderly most. The disease was discovered by Dr. Alois Alzheimer in the year 1906 when he was examining a female’s brain. He found out that the woman displayed memory loss, language problems and some inexplicable changes in behavior. The disease was named after the doctor who was a German psychiatrist and a neuropathologist. Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative brain disorder that leads to memory loss, personality changes, and language problems (GilbertRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Degenerative Brain Disorder1050 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer’s disease is a degenerative brain disorder that is found in older adults. One of the most famous American painters, Norman Rockwell, yielded to Alzheimer’s after a long and illustrious career. Interestingly enough, Rockwell’s (cited) paintings are now used sometimes in dementia therapy because of the memories and nostalgia they elicit. Can you imagine that one day t he very thing you loved to do, would be helping others remember their lost memories and that you succumbed to that very sameRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Alzheimer s Disease1220 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many diseases and disorders in the world that can attack a human’s body and destroy certain organ systems in the process. In this paper, you will learn about a particular disease that has been studied by many scientists and doctors for decades. Research hospitals such as Mayo Clinic and John Hopkins University have studied Alzheimer’s disease in order to come to conclusions on what the disease is and what can cure the disease. This disease can cause critical damage to a human’s body fromRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease And Its Effects1701 Words   |  7 Pages Alzheimer’s disease is predicted to affect 115 million people worldwide by the year 2050 (Aggarwal, Neelum). This debilitating disease was mostly in the dark to scientists until 2011 when they were finally able to develop a way to observe and study the development of the stages of Alzheimer’s. A lot is still largely unknown about the disease and current studies aim to categorize, provide infrastructure, provide early detection as well as research possible treatments for the disease (Aggarwal, Neelum)Read MoreOverview of Alzheimers Disease Essay example948 Words   |  4 PagesAlzheimer’s is a disease that destroys the memory and other important brain functions. Alzheimers is a disease where the brain cells die; which also can cause other brain cells to become disconnected, the result is progressive memory loss and mental breakdown. These chemical breakdowns are enough to interfere with normal everyday activities. The leading cause of Alzheimer’s is demen tia, which are several brain disorders that cause social and intellectual skills. The disease affects not only theRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Alzheimer s Disease1642 Words   |  7 Pages Abstract Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder when brain cells degenerate and die. Alzheimer’s dieses destroys the patient’s memory within time. The mental functions of the brain also get destroyed when a person gets Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s disease is most commonly seen when the patient is sixty to seventy years old. In this research paper the reader will learn about the signs and symptoms, causes, course of disease, outcome and secondary diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis and survivalRead MoreEssay about What is Alzheimers Disease?920 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Alzheimers Disease? Alzheimers Disease is an existential form of Dementia. Alzheimers is a gradually crippling disease that affects an individual’s mental and physical capabilities over time. The disease develops predominantly within aged individuals. It is unknown as to what factors contribute to the etiology, or cause, of Alzheimers Disease. In order to better understand Alzheime rs Disease, medical research and theories have helped shed a light as to how Alzheimers occurs. By understanding

Key Concepts Free Essays

Essentially, organizational culture is the character of the organization a culture is consists of complex problem that basically includes groups who shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. Culture is widespread to aspects of its inside and outside relationships and culture is multi-layered in that it guides someone actions even to the degree that members are not even conscious he or she influenced by, it. The field of OB uses scientific methods to develop test. We will write a custom essay sample on Key Concepts or any similar topic only for you Order Now Scholars support to agree that the foundation of any organizations culture is grounded in a rich set of belief about the nature of the world and human being relationships (John R. Schermerhorm, 2008). For example, the essential belief that people are self-centered and only out for themselves may inadvertently influence a company outlook and behaviors toward outside vendors, and consultants. This profound stuff is largely unseen, unspoken, and unknown to organizations members.So is it likely to genuinely know a company culture. Culture is one of these languages that are hard to express clearly, but every person recognize it when he or she sense it. Leaders, who decide to lead their culturally diverse work-teams, to success, will engage each team member in the day-to-day development of workplace diversity management. Ultimately, through the new diversity team agreement and contribution, they will be able to grow their services into developing and moving new markets.Organizational behavior is the learning of personality and groups inside a company they view reacts to different assessment such as communication, diversity, organizational culture, success, good organization, and knowledge. It seems that administration and employees never thought that change would come. Recently a new manager has come in and put into action certain changes to the company. These changes are thought to offer better service for people and customers, but people are perceived the adjustments are having a negative effect on them.The behavior of the business has been typically pessimistic toward change and employees are in search of employment in other companies. Organizational behavior is vital to all management function, roles, skills, actives, and approaches to management. Because organizations are built up levels individual, group and organizational system as a company it is vital for managers to comprehend individual behavior sequentially to meet the organizations total target. OB recognizes that management business practices needs to tailor to fit the ature of each situation. Managements function is to prepare, arrange, lead, and control. It’s apparent that managers need to develop their people skills if they’re going to be helpful and successful. One of the most important challenges currently facing organizations is become accustomed to people who are different. The expression we use for describing this challenge is workforce diversity. This means that organizations are becoming more of a variety of mixed people in terms of age, gender, race, and ethnicity.Several years ago diversity was stared at as black or white, female or male, but in today’s business world this has changed. A diverse workforce, for example, includes women and men, people of color, physically disabled, seniors. Even though globalization is taking place diversity among people from around the world. Workplace diversity is a people issue, paying attention on the differences and likeness that people take to an organization. It is typically defined generally to include span beyond those specified legally in equal opportunity and action non-discrimination laws.Diversity is often read to include dimension, which influences the identities that people bring, such as career, education, and geographic location. Diversity is about knowledge from others who are not one and the same, about pride and respect for all, and about making workplace environments that encourages education from others and gain the advantage of diverse outlook. Communication is also used to assist employees who refuse to accept changes within the company. Organizational behavior holds many features of individual concepts, which must be incorporated into a company in order for it to succeed.Open communication makes available for employees to sense appreciated and valued for the reason that they are able to go into th eir managers or supervisor office and speak about any views he or she may be having. At the same time communication makes certain that all troubles are dealt with and not overlooked. These thoughts and ideas that companies want to integrate into the workplace. Some of these ideas are organizational behavior, culture, effectiveness, learning, communication, and diversity. If a company can integrate all these concepts, the company is certain for success. How to cite Key Concepts, Papers

Artificial Intelligence(research) Essay Example For Students

Artificial Intelligence(research) Essay I I K U N I V E R S I T Y Departments of Electronics Computer Science Engineering Course: Engineering Physics I Professors T. Yarman E. Iksal Final Exam: January 25, 2000 Question 1 (25 Points) Consider a one-dimensional elastic scattering process, where a projectile of velocity v1i and mass m1, collides with a target of velocity v2i and mass m2. After the collision, the masses m1 and m2 acquire the velocities, respectively, v1f and v2f. a) (10 p) Show that b) (10 p) What is v2f ? c) (5 p) What is approximately the fractional decrease of the kinetic energy (final kinetic energy) / (initial kinetic energy) of a tennis ball undergoing an elastic scattering with a wall? Question 2 (10 Points) A steel ball of mass m = 0. 5 kg is fastened to a cord L = 70 cm long and is fixed at the far end; it is released when the cord is horizontal. At the bottom of its path, the ball strikes a mass M = 2.5 kg steel block, initially at rest on a frictionless surface. The collision is elastic. a) (5 p) What is the speed of the ball after the collision? b) (5 p) What is the speed of the block after the collision? Question 3 (25 Points) One likes to measure the speed v of a bullet having a mass of m=10g, with the aid of a ballistic pendulum. The mass of the large block of wood of the pendulum is M=5 kg. Thus, the bullet is fired and the block+bullet combination swings upward with a velocity V, its center of mass rising a vertical distance h = 6 cm, before the pendulum comes to rest at the end of its arc. a) (10 p) You shall now apply the law of conservation of momentum during the collision of the bullet and the pendulum, and the law of conservation of mechanical energy in the swinging process of the pendulum, in order to find the speed of the bullet. Thus express v, in terms of M, m, h and, g, earths gravitational acceleration, to be approximately taken, 10m/s2. b) (10 p) As the bullet flies through the block of wood, it is slown down; its energy is converted into heat. Now suppose that the initial kinetic energy of the bullet is transformed into just the ;heat; it deposits into the block of wood, and the ;swinging energy; of this block. Thus show that the heat deposited by the bullet into the block of wood, can be approximately expressed as . Note thus that practically, the entire initial kinetic energy of the bullet has gone into heat, within the block of wood. c) (5 p) Find numerically v and H. As usual, first establish your answer litterally; only then, do the numerical application; be sure that you use coherent units. Question 4 (20 Points) According to Newtons Second Law, with the familiar notation, , (1) where F is the force vector, the change in the momentum p, through the interval of time, . Now suppose that a steady stream of n particles per second, with identical linear momentum of mvi (the magnitude of which is mvi), collides with a body B, which is fixed in place. The colliding particles are bounced back with a velocity vf. Through collisions of this one dimensional situation, the impulse acting on the body B carried by each particle, is by definition, m (vf vi). a) (5 p) Express in terms of n, m, vf , and vi . b) (10 p) Suppose that vi = vf = v . (1) Thus show that, F in this case, can be written as F . (2) d) ( 5 p) It is well known that bullets and other missiles fired at Superman, simply bounce off his chest. Suppose that a gangster sprays Supermans chest with 5 g bullets at the rate of 200 bullets/min, the speed of each bullet being 1000 m/s. Media Violence Essay We suppose that the bullets rebound straight back with no change in speed. What is the average force exerted by the stream of bullets on Supermans chest? Question 5 (20 Points) a) (10 p) The moon is about 300 000 km away from Earth. What is then its speed of rotation (v) around our .

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Management Systems & Financial Information for Decision Making

Questions: 1. Critically discuss the primary objective and four secondary objectives of both companies. Whilst analysing these objectives critically provide evidence of their success or even failure. 2. Critically analyses two ratios in the following areas between 2011 and 2014 from FAME on both companies: Profitability Efficiency Financial/Stability Investor 3. Critically discuss the importance of cash management and capital budgeting to both companies. Answers: 1. Profile of TESCO PLC: Tesco is identified as the biggest supermarket in UK dominating the retail segment of British with domestic market share and worldwide sales. Food is the main origination of Tesco and later it catered the service into garments, financial and internet service, consumer electronics and telecoms. Primary Objective: The primary objective of Tesco is to create the value and culture among the customers. Secondary Objective: The secondary objectives of Tesco are to remain as a market leader and provide more than the competitors. Treating the customers as a part of Tesco team. Treating the customers gently and softly. Caring the employees so that they care for the customers with mine hearted. Critical Analysis of Objectives: Globalization and severe competition among retail supermarkets has increased customers awareness; profitability and finally the persistence of organizations are highly impacted by customer satisfaction: thus it has become the important key issues in the current world (Cheng et al. 2011; Beatson et al. 2007). Customer satisfaction approach is always very subjective and it can be influenced by various factors such as products/service price, reliability, responsiveness and lead time (Cochran, 2003). Customer satisfaction is the outcome of the value received through customers perception where the value equals perceived service quality relative to price (Hallowell 1996, p. 29). Perceived quality is the first determinant of overall customer satisfaction and perceived value is the second determinant (Fornell et al, 1996, p. 9). Employees in service industries have strong influence over customer satisfaction. They take a leading role in driving the performance of organization. Organizational performance has strong impact on employee interactions with customers (Peltier, Dahl Mulhern, 2009). Tescos business is customer oriented. It provides the products that has value for money for its customers and delivers high quality service. Tesco is committed to improve the services and products and thus introduced value for money offer regarding the customers perception on their shopping experience such as quality, price, range, service, shopping environment, parking availability and store hygiene levels (Tesco PLC, 2012). Tesco also carries out market research survey to track consumer preferences, demands and expectations and the companys ability to meet those demands (Tesco PLC, 2012). Tesco has achieved immediate advantage against competitors in exploring the rends of consumers, establishing targeted communications, accurately measuring the promotions, protecting against the activities initiated by competitors and ensuring right product at right place on time. These issues helped Tesco to enhance the product and service quality in order to increase the customer satisfaction which in turn creates customers loyalty (Benady, 2006). Profile of British Telecommunications PLC: British Telecommunications Group, PLC is one of the leading providers of telecommunications services in Europe. The core activities of BT group include local, national and international telecommunications services, broadband with higher value, internet services and products and IT solutions. Primary Objectives: BT has a very clear vision of where they want to be and currently they are taking steps to achieve the goal. Their renovation has primary objectives. Turning around to be a global services Secondary Objectives: Their main purpose is to offer world-class telecommunications and information products and services and to improve network activity at home and overseas so that they can: To drive broadband services Making BT a great place to work To become wholesalers choice To create a brand in the SME sector (The Guardian, 2008) Critical Analysis of Objectives: The movement of globalization process has made the companies to expand its business in multi nations. About 50% of BT group total revenue is generated by BT global services. Telecom is determined to be the dynamic economic sectors and it faces persistent market and technological forces (Wellenius Stern, 1996). It is essential to retain the market share of global services. The share of BTs in DSL and LLU installed base remains 35%, which keeps growing up in the economic crisis. The SME market provides a large purse that telecom companies have no option but to compete for it. Succeeding is this market will depend on various factors such as efficiency to run quickly to occupy the large market during its fast evolution; diplomatic in selecting the appropriate channels to reach customers; willpower to take initiative and to strengthen the SME market; tractability and self-scrutiny to deal the business partners, maximizing delivery and identify total telecom solutions. The telecoms that conglomerates these attributes efficiently and utilizing them wisely will navigate SME market expansion (Breedveld et al, 2005). BT has reached an attitude which is much stronger and indomitable by competitors. UK based customers dominate the segment and it deliver solutions to more than 150 countries linking communities, installations and value chains that are important to organizations. It is responsible for more than 25 million telephone lines. BT is the only UK telecom company to deliver fixed line telephone connection to any UK address. It operates the most public telephones all over UK (Malaga, 2003). 2. Profitability Ratios: A) Gross Profit Ratio: ( million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Gross Profit 5261 4089 4010 9692 9011 9286 Net Sales 64539 64826 63557 18987 18103 18287 Ratio 8% 6% 6% 51.04% 49.77% 50.77% Gross Profit Ratio = Gross Profit/Net Sales *100 = 5261/64539*100 = 8% Interpretation: BT group has high gross profit margin than Tesco. It indicates that BT group is making a reasonable profit and keeps the overhead cost in control. But Tesco is showing less profit margin and also unable to control its cost of sales. It is recommended for Tesco to minimize the cost of sales and make a reasonable profit. B) Net Profit Ratio: ( million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Net Profit 2814 120 970 6495 6122 6374 Net Sales 64539 64826 63557 18987 18103 18287 Ratio 4% 0.1% 1.5% 34.2% 33.8% 34.8% Net Profit Ratio = Net Profit/Net Sales*100 = 2814/64539*100 = 4% Interpretation: The results indicate that BT group is showing higher net profit margin than Tesco. BT group profit margin shows that the company is more effective in converting the revenue into profit. Tescos profit margin indicates a low margin of safety which shows that there is higher risk of decline in sales. Finally it might result in less profit and a net loss. C) Operating Profit Margin: ( million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Operating Income 3835 1960 2259 2120 2315 2312 Net Sales 64539 64826 63557 18987 18103 18287 Operating Profit Margin 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.11 0.127 0.126 Operating Profit Margin = Operating Income/Net Sales = 3835/64539 = 0.05 Interpretation: The result indicates that BT group is showing higher operating margin than Tesco. BT group is earning more per pound of sales and fixed costs are in control for the production. But in case of Tesco the fixed costs might be higher for the production even though it shows a good sales volume. D) Return on Capital Employed (ROCE): ( million) ($ million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 EBIT 3825 1960 2259 6495 6122 6374 Capital Employed 18261 20594 18055 14693 17275 17211 ROCE 20% 9.51% 12.51% 44.20% 35.43% 37.03% ROCE = EBIT/Capital Employed*100 = 3825/18261 = 20% Interpretation: The result indicates that BT group shows higher percentage than Tesco but it has been compared to the previous years. The lower percentage indicates that the company should increase the operating profit without corresponding increase in the capital employed. Though BT group has maintained steady operating profit in the year 2012, in later years it has not been maintained efficiently. So both the companies have to maintain operating profit by minimizing the value of capital employed. E) Return on Equity (ROE): ($ million) ($ million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Net Income 4433 43 1614 1756 1948 2018 Avg. Shareholders Equity 27466.5 26956.5 25082.5 1308 (262) (592) ROE 16.13% 0.15% 6.43% 134.25% 743.51% 340.87% ROE = Net Income/Average Shareholders Equity*100 = 4433/27466.5*100 = 16.13% Interpretation: The results indicate that Tesco has generated more profit with the money invested by shareholders than the BT group. Since the companies differ in the industry sector, it is not fair conclusion that the industries making higher return are better investment than the lower return. F) Return on Assets (ROA): ($ million) ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Net Income 4433 43 1614 1756 1948 2018 Total Assets 80223 77599 83053 23948 24879 24898 ROA 5.67% 0.05% 2.01% 7.33% 7.82% 8.10% ROA = Net Income/Total Assets*100 = 4433/80223*100 = 5.67% Interpretation: The results exhibits that BT group is showing higher ratio than Tesco. BT group is efficient in managing its assets to generate profit and it is earning more money on its assets than Tesco. Tesco results show that it is slightly inefficient in managing its assets. 2. Investment Ratios: A) Dividend Cover: ( million) ($ million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Profit After Tax 1498 3320 86 1756 1948 2018 Dividend 1180 1184 1189 (590) (683) (778) Dividend Cover 1.26 2.80 0.07 2.97 2.85 2.59 Dividend Cover = Profit after Tax/Dividend = 1498/1180 = 1.26 Interpretation: The result indicates that the BT group is more capable to pay dividends to its shareholders than Tesco. Tescos dividend is consistently below 1.5 and it suggests that the company might not be able to sustain the current level of dividends during severe variation in profit in the future. Similarly, BT group is maintaining higher proportion of its income to meet its financial requirements which ends in higher dividend payout in the coming years. B) Dividend Yield: ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Dividend Per Share 14.76 14.76 14.76 8.30 9.50 10.90 Market Price Per Share 318.2 372.25 318.95 224.32 279.41 375.86 Dividend Yield 4.63% 3.96% 4.62% 3.70% 3.40% 2.90% Dividend Yield = Dividend per Share/Market Price per Share*100 = 14.76/318.2*100 = 4.63% Interpretation: The above result indicates that Tesco yields more dividend than BT group. Tesco pay its investors a high dividend in contrast to the fair market price of the share. Investors of Tesco are highly compensated for their investments compared to the investors of BT group. It also differs from one industry to another industry. C) Price Earnings Ratio (P/E): ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Market Price per share 318.2 372.25 318.95 224.32 279.41 375.86 Earnings per share 37.41 35.97 32.05 25.80 26.30 28.20 Price Earnings Ratio 8.50 10.34 9.95 8.69 10.62 13.32 Price Earnings Ratio = Market price per share/Earnings per share = 318.2/37.41 = 8.50 Interpretation: The above result indicates that BT group is showing higher price earnings compared to Tesco. The rise in the earnings per share also raises the market price per share which indicates positive future performance and investors are willing to high for the companys shares. Though Tesco doesnt show poor ratio, performance is lower compared to BT group. Since both the companies belong to different industry, the ratios also differ from one another. D) Payout Ratio: ( million) Company TESCO PLC BTC PLC Year 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014 Dividend per share 14.76 14.76 14.76 8.30 9.50 10.90 Earnings per share 37.41 35.97 32.05 25.80 26.30 28.20 Payout Ratio 0.39 0.41 0.46 0.32 0.36 0.38 Payout Ratio = Dividend per share/Earnings per share = 14.76/37.41 = 0.39 Interpretation: The above result indicates that the payout ratio is almost equal for the companies and it is showing a low dividend payout ratio. It shows that both the companies are retaining a large portion of the earnings for future growth. A high payout ratio is preferred by the investors to purchase shares in order to earn continuous dividend from the company. A low ratio is good for those who seek appreciation in the value of stock. 3. Importance of Cash Management and Capital Budgeting: Based on the above ratios it appears that British Telecommunications Plc. would be considered as a favored choice, given higher margins with their presence in telecom sector and greater presence in global market. Additionally, BT has its presence on the high street and has the ability to take advantage of recovery of UK economy. Given this, BT Plc., could be less risky than Tesco Plc., which has given scope for high income. Considering the profitability, BT Plc. is making a reasonable profit and keeps the overhead cost in control than Tesco Plc. BT group profit margin shows that the company is more effective in converting the revenue into profit. BT group is earning more per pound of sales and fixed costs are in control for the production. But in case of Tesco the fixed costs might be higher for the production even though it shows a good sales volume. Since the companies differ in the industry sector, it is not fair conclusion that the industries making higher return are better investment than the lower return. When it comes to the investment, Tescos dividend is consistently below 1.5 and it suggests that the company might not be able to sustain the current level of dividends during severe variation in profit in the future. Similarly, BT group is maintaining higher proportion of its income to meet its financial requirements which ends in higher dividend payout in the coming years. BT group is showing higher price earnings compared to Tesco. The rise in the earnings per share also raises the market price per share which indicates positive future performance and investors are willing to high for the companys shares. Though Tesco doesnt show poor ratio, performance is lower compared to BT group. Since both the companies belong to different industry, the ratios also differ from one another. BT Plc., is favored for its various telecom business solutions, both UK and global market, which are anticipated to gain advantage as global recovery. The main advantage is the scope of business, with potential risk in the UK telecom market diminished by enhanced performance from various operations and international sales. Tesco is more exposed to be the dominant player in grocery market. It is well placed to take over the enhancing residue through its multi-channel businesses. References: Bloomberg BusinessWeek, 2014, BT group Plc. accessed on January 20, 2015 from https://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/transactions/transactions.asp?ticker=BT/A:LN BT Group Plc., 2012, Annual Report Form 20-F, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Annualreportandreview/pdf/BTAnnualReport2012_smart.pdf BT Group Plc., 2013, Annual Report Form 20-F, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.btplc.com/Sharesandperformance/Annualreportandreview/pdf/2013_BT_Annual_Report_smart.pdf BT Group Plc., 2014, Annual Report Form 20-F, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.btplc.com/Thegroup/RegulatoryandPublicaffairs/Financialstatements/2014/Current_Cost_Financial_Statement_2014.pdf London Stock Exchange, 2014, BT Group Plc., accessed on January 21, 2015 from https://www.londonstockexchange.com/exchange/prices-and-markets/stocks/summary/company-summary.html?fourWayKey=GB0030913577GBGBXSET1 Stepan Breedveld Marcos Aguiar; David Michael Wendell Kuling, 2005, The SME Market for Telecom Providers: Sailing into the Winds of Change, accessed on January 21, 2015 from https://www.bcg.com.cn/export/sites/default/en/files/publications/articles_pdf/SME_Market_for_Telecom_Providers_Sailing_into_Winds_Change_May2005.pdf Tesco Plc., 2014, Annual Report and Financial Statements, accessed on January 19, 2015 from https://www.tescoplc.com/files/pdf/reports/ar14/download_annual_report.pdf