Library Leaders

Virginia Proctor Powell Florence occupies a special place in the history of the African American population. She was particularly a big inspiration to the women of Africa descent in America being the first woman to pursue successfully a career in the library studies. She was born on the first October 1903; she went to a local public school in Wilkinsburg Pennsylvania. Her parents died when she was still at her tender age. She was living with her aunt. In 1915, she cleared from high school and proceeded to join Oberlin College graduating with a bachelor’s degree in English. She secured a job in Minnesota working as a secretary as the persistent racial discrimination hampered, temporarily, her dreams to work in her former high school (Kinder, Sean, 2008) She had a big dream of pursuing library science and she applied for a place in the Camegie library school, successfully completed her diploma studies in 1922. However, being a pioneer among blacks, she could not be awarded a diploma, this only happened after a number of years later. Her dream career commenced in the New York public library for a number of years before her appointment into Seward high school Brooklyn, as a librarian. She got married to Charles, her fiancà © who had greatly supported her in her career. She still pursued her career working at Cardoza High, Washington DC. She then moved to Maggie L. walker senior high still as a librarian. A look at her life reveals a strong-charactered lady who was able to trend a path that had been shunned by many, winning admiration across the racial divide and no doubt propelling the importance of education in the community to higher level. Even at the time of her death, in 1991, Virginia proctor Powell Florence, an educationist and a career librarian was an inspiration to many. Meeting this respected lady is truly humbling. There are a number of renowned educators that I would like to see join Virginia Proctor Powell Florence and I for tea. Among the famous black American educators, I would most respectably like to meet Virginia lacy Jones and Joseph Henry Reason. There are prominent figures in library leadership, on top of Powell Florence, I admire greatly. So humble and yet so giving. They have contributed eminently to education (Dawson, 2000). Doctor Joseph Henry Reason and Virginia Lacy Jones CVs’ run long, with academic qualifications, experience and personal accomplishments. They both have such inspiring profiles that cannot be matched by many in their generation. Overcoming so many odds to claim a place in the academic circles and history. Dr. Joseph H. Reason lived a life committed to extending knowledge, at the time of his death; he had been the director of Howard university libraries for over twenty years, with strings of accomplishments and projects in the university. Born in 1905, Joseph has many degrees to his name that only can dream of. He has been to New Orleans, Howard, and in the university of Pennsylvania, he took a Bachelor of Science degree specialising on library science then went ahead to get his PhD from the catholic university of America (Http://Www.Allctr.Edu/Documents/October2007oo1.Pdf). He was also the director of number university libraries including A&M university libraries. He helped initiate a number of university projects and building sites. He was a trustee in the Eckerd College. He has also featured in a number of taskforces and under his tutelage, saw the approval of Howard university library as a member in to the association of research libraries. (ARL). The list of his accomplishments run long, but is clearly inspiring. Meeting such a person would be a dream come true considering I don’t usually meet such high calibre persons in academics (Marcus Bruce Christian, 2007). Virginia lacy Jones accomplishments are equally impressive. She was born in 1912 and died in 1984. She received her degree on library studies. She was brought up in West Virginia with Ohio being her birthplace. Her first job in the library was in the Louisville municipal college. She was later to return to the home of her former school, Hampton institute library to get her degree, which she did in social studies. She went back to Louisville to her former workplace and helped found the Kentucky Negro Education Association in Louisville. In 1936, she was appointed to head a program that sought to initiate training to blacks for librarianship. Amidst much opposition from whites over her pay, as she was being paid similar amounts, she made it through and was promoted in to the position of head librarian back in the municipal college (Reinette F. Jones, 2002). Immediately after this promotion, her friend and mentor, Florence Curtis helped secure a master scholarship in library science. She got the masters from the University of Chicago in 1938 and was to get a place in the Atlanta University as the cataloguing librarian. She was named a member of the faculty. She got her PhD in 1945 and at the same time married a French professor. She was the second woman among the blacks to get such high qualifications in academics. Her accomplishments after that run long and she was appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on one of the library presidential advisory committees. With such impressive rà ©sumà ©s who would not want to meet these three distinguished figures. References Reinette F. Jones, 2002. Library Service To African Americans In Kentucky. Mc Far Land. Top Shelf, October 2007. The Newsletter Of The Robert W. Woodruff Library Of The Atlanta University Centre. Vol 3 No 2 Retrieved On 07/03/2008 The African American Registry 2005. Florence Powell Loved Kids and Books Retrieved On 07/03/2008 from Http: www.aaregistry.Com Arna Boztemps, Marcus Bruce Christian, 2007. A chronology of Event In Black Librarianship Dawson, ALMA, 2000. Celebrating African- American Librarians and Librarianship. Retrieved On 07/03/2008 from http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-68273895.html Kinder, Sean, Anticipated Spring 2008.â€Å"Virginia Proctor Powell Florence.† African American National Biography. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press (W.E.B. Du Bois Institute).   

Bovine Spongy Encephalitis (BSE) in Japan

Bovine Spongy Encephalitis (BSE) in Japan The essay aims to investigate the issue of Bovine Spongy Encephalitis (BSE) in Japan, with particular emphasis on the meat traceability system adopted by the Japanese regulatory authorities and its implications for the Japanese food markets, its beef industry, and the hospitality industry. Presumably written in late 2005 or early 2006, some three years after BSE reared its head in Japan, the essay attempts to trace the events that led to the BSE scare in Japan and the responses adopted by the state and industry to cope with market and customer apprehensions. Essays, on specialised subjects like these, need to have reader friendly, grammatically correct structures that guide curious lay people through the complexities of unfamiliar issues in sequential logical steps; such efforts should be well researched, evidence clarity about the subject at hand, make good use of language skills and engage reader interest in the main and allied themes. BSE, better known as mad cow disease, emerged first in the UK in 1986, its manifestation in cattle being associated with a number of logical, as well as fanciful theories that included (a) force feeding of cattle, animals that are normally herbivorous, with meat or bone meal from semi-sterilised cadavers, and (b) import of meat meal, contaminated with human meat, from India (Jones, 2001)! Related to the presence of a misfolded protein called Prion in the brain tissues of cattle, BSE is known to make the brain of a cow a bloody mass of spongy tissue, followed by the certain death of the affected animal (Jones, 2001). Worryingly it is also known to infect humans who consume BSE tainted products (Jones, 2001). The disease first showed up in commercially reared livestock in the UK, and has since then been associated with more than 150 human deaths in the UK alone; its occurrence in the United States led to panic in Japan, a major importer of US beef, and thereafter to a number of protective and regulatory steps by the Japanese for ensuring the safety and quality of beef consumed in the country (Nottage, 2004). Whilst such background information would have been particularly relevant for establishing the importance of the topic, especially in light of the levels of global panic generated by the outbreak of BSE in the early 2000s, there is little of it in the essay; the author preferring to commence the study directly with the detection of the first BSE case in Japan in 2001 and the events that followed. With much effort having been given to providing technical details about Creutzfeldt – Jakob disease, (CJD) and its new variant, in the appendices to the essay, some elementary information about Prion, established to be the root cause of BSE, the substantial loss of human life, and the worldwide concern that arose, post the emergence of the disease, would have helped in driving home the need for governments to adopt stern regulatory measures and in putting the Japanese regulatory efforts in their proper p erspective. Ford’s book on the risks posed by BSE to mankind, which has otherwise been included by the author in the references, provides a graphic account of the dangers of BSE and the essay would have been well served by the inclusion of some of the highlighted risks.

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 17

Assignment - Essay Example The interest of the law is at the society at large and not on the individual who has committed a crime. Criminals are dangerous people in the society who threaten the social life of the community. These teenagers who are convicted of murder crimes are dangerous members of the society who are a threat to the community. The courts in their rulings will put the interest of the large community at hand and jail these criminals for life. These minors who commit these crimes are criminals in the making and can not be left free to disturb the public. These minors who commit these crimes can be pardoned for the charges, but this will encourage the other minors to commit such crimes since they know they can always get away with it. In regard to the same, other mature people can use the minors to commit murder crimes (Siegel & Senna, 147). The majority of the criminals in the world started their criminal activities when were young people. The earlier these criminal characteristics are noticed the better. The constitution is meant to protect the society at large and should be inclined towards the interest of an individual. These minor criminals, if pardoned and let to join the society they will become a bother to the society and a threat. Some human rights will argue that these are still children and should be given an opportunity to rejoin the society and become productive members of the same society. They argue that punishing these minors should be a process of rehabilitating them and making them law abiding citizens. They argue that these minors are in the process of development, and should be given a chance to contribute to the society and develop fully. They believe that some of these children’s behaviors will change at a later age. Some of these minors became violent as a result of how they were raised and the environment. However, these

Health policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Health policy - Essay Example As the Department Manager of Human Resource, I have noticed that there are various challenges that affect the hospital which need to be relayed to the administration. One such problem is shortage of nurses. Most nations across the globe face shortages of nursing professionals, including registered nurses, since their demand exceeds supply either locally, regionally, nationally, or internationally. The World Health Organization approximates that there is a shortage of 3.2 million nurses on a global scale. According to the American National Council of State Board of Nursing, the annual nursing demand growth rate is 7.7% while the growth rate of registered nurses is 2.12% every year. This is a clear indication of nursing shortage. At the William Wishard Memorial Hospital there are only 312 registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nurse aides. This is an insufficient workforce as compared to the population of Indianapolis estimated at 852,866 in 2013. The population also continues to grow. At the William N. Wishard Memorial Hospital the nurse-to-patient ratio is 1:5. This is below the recommended ration of 1:3 by the World Health Organization. The ratio is unsafe and puts the patients at risk. The shortage of nursing practitioners may be as a result of years of underinvestment in health worker education, poor working environment, lack of training and career development, low wages, and ineffective management (Forsyth & McKenzie, 2006). In the hospital, the shortage of nursing personnel may be attributed to changing career options. Most of the women who were born in the 1950s and 60s were more likely to become nurses as compared to those born 70s and 80s. The other causes include underinvestment in nursing education and training, low wages, lack of career development, and lack of motivation. Additionally, there are also no placement programs for the newly trained nurses. The other cause of nursing shortage in William Wishard Memorial Hospital is

Grading System 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Grading System 2 - Essay Example Furthermore, this must also be a system that not only grades the students for performance, but the expectations of the system must be clearly laid out so that the students know what they should be striving for. In order to create a timely program for grading and assessing student work, one must start with the classroom schedule itself. At the beginning of the semester a class calendar should be either prominently displayed or distributed for the students to review along with he teacher. This schedule will allow students an overview of expectations for the class as well as the dates of reports and tests and well as their results. This also helps the teacher to maintain workflow schedules for grading and class time use. The use of a calendar will also familiarize the students for later coursework at high school and college level situations. A schedule will also allow students who are absent to keep up with the coursework and requirement from home, while waiting to return to school. There will also be no question about the timeliness of homework, when it is due and when it is considered late. The next primary grading mechanism is the use of a rubric for both overall classroom performance and for individual assignments. This solidifies the requirements for the student to achieve and makes a more focused effort by both teacher and student to attain those goals. Notar, Zuelke, Wilson, and Yunker state this as a "table of specifications" in regards to specific tests: Teachers should make use of the test blueprint--the Table of Specifications. A Table of Specifications identifies not only the content areas covered in class, it identifies the performance objectives at each level of the cognitive domain of Blooms Taxonomy. Teachers can be assured that they are measuring students learning across a wide range of content and readings as well as cognitive processes requiring higher order thinking, The use of a Table insures

World civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

World civilization - Essay Example First and foremost, he goes fearlessly into battle to liberate the world and walks miles away to find answers that would benefit the people of his city. He believes in God for his strength especially in battles. He respects people he meets along his journeys. Gilgamesh has loyalty to people. For example, his friendship with Enkidu illustrates his loyalty to people who respected himself and his city (Danny 24). Is a strong to perfection.† He is also described as an awesome beast with unmatched strength. In addition, Gilgamesh leads his tribe into battle fearlessly. In fact, they defeat everybody they battle with. His people have all confidence in him to an extent of being aroused by small insults with a belief that, through his awesome leadership ability, they would definitely win the battle and that he would not let them down. He also portrayed his great strength by fighting the mighty beast Humbaba. In fact, even Urok’s gentle people feared Humbaba and even warned Gilgamesh to be careful when fighting with him. However, this did not deter him from battling with him although he was nervous about the battle as it is noted in Colum VI of Table II (Danny 19). Gilgamesh always returned home safely. Even after fighting with great enemies, Gilgamesh, always defeated them and returned home safely. Again, he portrays his fighting skills when he makes Ishtar mad at him and as a result, she directs Anu to release the might bull to fight Gilgamesh. However, Gilgamesh was again successful in the battle. When he manages to reach at the top of Mt. Mashu, the scorpion guard is astonished by his daring courage to go that far. Just to show how brave Gilgamesh was, the scorpion guard said that if Gilgamesh happened to fall from the top of the mountain, he would fall all day and night. However, the guard allowed him to pass through the gate. He then rowed the boat himself across the sea

LEGAL STUDIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LEGAL STUDIES - Essay Example ..†1 Therefore, it was his duty to preserve the information received by him by fax as secret. Being a civil servant, he must have had some experience in making difference between secret information and public one. Geoffrey might be found guilty under subsection 1, Section3 of the Act (1) as being â€Å"A person who is or has been a Crown servant or government contractor is guilty of an offence if without lawful authority he makes a damaging disclosure of—(a)any information, document or other article relating to international relations.† Geoffrey told his wife Jean about the information in the fax without lawful authority, as required by the law. According to Section 7 of the Act For the purposes of this Act, authorized disclosure is defined as â€Å"a disclosure by a Crown servant is made with lawful authority if, and only if, it is made in accordance with his official duty.† Geoffrey did not have the necessary authorization to disclose that kind of informa tion and therefore, he should have kept it to himself. On the other hand, Geoffrey might have not known that this information was secret, as the case description speaks about a secret agreement between Government ministers and the United Nations that no exact figures would be given as to the number involved. Therefore, he might raise the defence provided by the Official Secrets Act 1989, in Section 3, subsection (4), which stipulates that: â€Å"It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under this section to prove that at the time of the alleged offence he did not know, and had no reasonable cause to believe, that the information, document or article in question was such as is mentioned in subsection (1) above or that its disclosure would be damaging within the meaning of that subsection.† If Geoffrey can prove that he was not aware that the information was confidential and its disclosure would be damaging, he might avoid being held liable for disclosing it. On the other hand, by telling his wife, whom he, of course, knew that is a journalist, it must have occurred to his mind that his wife, as any journalist, might use that information in her own interest and make it public. I believe that Geoffrey, as a Crown servant, should have acted with caution as regards the information and find out if it is secret or not before passing it to other parties. His wife, on the other hand, might be held liable for publishing this information under Section 5 of the Act, within the provisions of which she might fall. Section 5 (2) stipulates that: â€Å"Subject to subsections (3) and (4) below, the person into whose possession the information, document or article has come is guilty of an offence if he discloses it without lawful authority knowing, or having reasonable cause to believe, that it is protected against disclosure by the foregoing provisions of this Act and that it has come into his possession as mentioned in subsection (1) above.† So, unle ss the disclosure was not damaging, Jean can be held liable under the Act. This is the case of the information passed to Jean by her husband, as he entrusted her that information, in accordance with Subsection 1, Section 5 of the Act. Geoffrey should have warned his wife about the importance of the information and the necessity to keep it secret. This is applicable, unless Geoffrey intentionally told his wife about t